Infections and Infection Prevention

🎞️Media

Infection Prevention

Hand Hygiene

After a stem cell transplant, the immune system is significantly weakened, making infection prevention a critical part of recovery. Patients are vulnerable to bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, especially in the first months after transplant. Staying informed and proactive can help reduce risk and improve outcomes.

Common Infection Risks

Bacterial infections - often related to central lines, skin, or gastrointestinal tract
Viral infections - can be from viruses you have already been exposed to in the past (such as CMV, EBV, HSV, or Varicella) or spread from other people, such as the flu
Fungal infections - usually from environment that everyone is exposed to but only those with a weak immune system cannot fight

Your care team may prescribe antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals as part of your prevention plan. These medications are essential even if you feel well.

💡Prevention Strategies

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Practice strict personal hygiene - frequent handwashing, clean linens, and mouth care

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Follow safe food handling - ask your provider for specific recommendations

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Take environmental precautions - avoid construction zones, fresh soil, standing water, and live plants

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Use protective measures - masking in public, avoiding crowds, and limiting visitors

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Maintain central line care - follow dressing change protocols and report any redness, drainage, or swelling

💡Tips

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If you notice any symptoms, call your care team - don't wait

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Avoid crowded areas, especially during flu season or outbreaks

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Be cautious with visitors - ask about recent illness or exposures

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Let restaurants or public spaces know about your immune status if needed

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Stay consistent with masking and distancing, even if others aren't

🩺Questions to Ask Your Care Team

Bring these to your next appointment

What infection control measures does my center follow?

Which foods are safe, and which should be avoided.

Ask Dietitian

Whether tap water, well water, or bottled water is recommended

If houseplants or gardening pose a risk

How sexual activity may be affected - ask about timing, protection, and hygiene

What are my current restrictions - food, pets, public spaces?

Are there guidelines for masking or distancing at home and in public?

Can I have pets, and if so, what precautions should I take?

What symptoms should I report immediately?